1. 简介
概览
在本实验中,您将向 Cloud Run 实例部署一个完全持久、安全的 Hermes Agent(由 Nous Research 提供)。您将使用 Hermes Web 信息中心与 AI 智能体互动,并使用 Google Cloud Storage 为其持久性工作区提供支持。
虽然 Hermes 支持可作为自动扩缩 Cloud Run 服务的网关模式,但它也充当有状态代理,可在启动时扫描技能并处理后台执行。Cloud Run 实例提供了一个可单独寻址的长期运行环境,非常适合此工作负载。
您将执行的操作
- 准备一个 Cloud Storage 存储桶,用于持久保留容器状态和配置。
- 创建自定义 Python 管理器 (
run_hermes.py) 和启动脚本 (start_hermes.sh) 以处理启动初始化。 - 使用
gcloud beta run instances deploy部署 Hermes 代理。 - 访问 Hermes 信息中心并向其进行身份验证。
学习内容
- 如何将 Hermes 代理部署到 Cloud Run 实例。
- 如何使用 GCSFuse 将 Cloud Storage 存储桶装载到 Cloud Run 实例。
- 如何安全地配置 SQLite 和临时缓存,以绕过 GCSFuse 文件锁定限制。
2. 设置和要求
GCP 项目设置
- 登录 Google Cloud 控制台。
- 创建或选择 Google Cloud 项目。
- 确保您的 Google Cloud 项目已启用结算功能。
打开 Cloud Shell
从 Cloud 控制台的顶部工具栏中激活 Google Cloud Shell。
设置项目并安装 gcloud beta
首先,将项目和区域设置为环境变量。
export PROJECT_ID=<YOUR_PROJECT_ID>
export REGION="us-west2"
export BUCKET_NAME="hermes-state-${PROJECT_ID}"
并为 gcloud 配置项目。
gcloud config set project $PROJECT_ID
确保已为 gcloud beta run instances 安装 beta 组件:
gcloud components install beta --quiet
并且您的 gcloud 版本是最新的。
gcloud components updates
启用必需的 Google Cloud API
在 Cloud Shell 中,启用 Cloud Run、Cloud Storage 和 Secret Manager API:
gcloud services enable \
run.googleapis.com \
secretmanager.googleapis.com \
storage.googleapis.com \
compute.googleapis.com \
aiplatform.googleapis.com
3. 创建专用服务账号
为了遵循最小权限原则,请为 Hermes 代理创建专用 IAM 服务账号,并向其授予调用 Vertex AI 模型所需的权限:
export SERVICE_ACCOUNT_NAME="hermes-sa"
gcloud iam service-accounts create ${SERVICE_ACCOUNT_NAME} \
--display-name="Hermes Service Account"
export SERVICE_ACCOUNT="${SERVICE_ACCOUNT_NAME}@${PROJECT_ID}.iam.gserviceaccount.com"
gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding ${PROJECT_ID} \
--member="serviceAccount:${SERVICE_ACCOUNT}" \
--role="roles/aiplatform.user"
4. 在 Secret Manager 中存储凭据
我们将把敏感凭据(例如信息中心密码)存储在 Google Cloud Secret Manager 中,以便 Cloud Run 可以在启动时安全地将其注入到容器中。
为您的信息中心生成一个安全的随机密码,并将其存储在 Secret Manager 中:
export DASHBOARD_PASSWORD=$(openssl rand -hex 16)
echo "Generated Hermes Dashboard Password: ${DASHBOARD_PASSWORD}"
echo -n "${DASHBOARD_PASSWORD}" | gcloud secrets create hermes-dashboard-password \
--data-file=- \
--replication-policy="automatic"
gcloud secrets add-iam-policy-binding hermes-dashboard-password \
--member="serviceAccount:${SERVICE_ACCOUNT}" \
--role="roles/secretmanager.secretAccessor"
5. 准备 Cloud Storage 存储桶和配置文件
Hermes 需要装载为 /opt/data 的永久性存储空间。我们将使用 Google Cloud Storage (GCS) 存储桶,并使用 Cloud Storage 卷装载来装载该存储桶。
1. 创建 Cloud Storage 存储桶
gcloud storage buckets create gs://${BUCKET_NAME} --location=${REGION}
# Grant the service account permissions to mount the bucket
gcloud storage buckets add-iam-policy-binding gs://${BUCKET_NAME} \
--member="serviceAccount:${SERVICE_ACCOUNT}" \
--role="roles/storage.objectAdmin"
2. 创建“config.yaml”
创建 config.yaml 文件,请务必添加 _config_version: 12,以确保正确加载配置:
_config_version: 12
model:
default: "google/gemini-3.8-flash"
provider: "vertex"
dashboard:
enabled: true
database:
journal_mode: delete
3. 创建主管脚本 (run_hermes.py)
Cloud Storage 不支持 SQLite 数据库安全运行所需的特定文件锁定机制。为防止数据库损坏,我们需要一个自定义的“监督程序”脚本 (run_hermes.py)。此脚本在启动代理之前,将 Hermes 配置为将其临时数据库锁存储在容器的本地内存中,而不是 Cloud Storage 中。
在本地创建 run_hermes.py:
import os
import shutil
import subprocess
import sys
import threading
import time
print(
"=== INITIALIZING HERMES SUPERVISOR ===", flush=True
)
# 1. Local Directory Setup
# Creates temporary, local folders (in /tmp) for the agent's caches and working directories.
# See more below in comment section NOTE ON CLOUD STORAGE FUSE
home_dir = "/tmp/hermes_home"
hermes_dir = os.path.join(home_dir, ".hermes")
os.makedirs(hermes_dir, exist_ok=True)
os.makedirs("/tmp/logs", exist_ok=True)
os.makedirs("/tmp/skills", exist_ok=True)
os.makedirs("/tmp/uv_cache", exist_ok=True)
os.makedirs("/tmp/cache", exist_ok=True)
os.makedirs("/opt/data/workspace", exist_ok=True)
os.makedirs("/opt/data/.hermes", exist_ok=True)
# 2. State Restoration & Database Config
# Copies your existing configurations and chat history (state.db) from Cloud Storage into the local folders.
# It also forces the SQLite database into TRUNCATE mode, a crucial step to prevent database corruption
# when eventually saving back to Cloud Storage. See more in section 3. Note on Cloud Storage Fuse below
if os.path.exists("/opt/data/config.yaml"):
shutil.copy("/opt/data/config.yaml", os.path.join(hermes_dir, "config.yaml"))
print(f"Synced config.yaml -> {hermes_dir}/config.yaml", flush=True)
elif os.path.exists("/opt/data/.hermes/config.yaml"):
shutil.copy("/opt/data/.hermes/config.yaml", os.path.join(hermes_dir, "config.yaml"))
print(f"Synced config.yaml from .hermes -> {hermes_dir}/config.yaml", flush=True)
if os.path.exists("/opt/data/.env"):
shutil.copy("/opt/data/.env", os.path.join(hermes_dir, ".env"))
print(f"Synced .env -> {hermes_dir}/.env", flush=True)
elif os.path.exists("/opt/data/.hermes/.env"):
shutil.copy("/opt/data/.hermes/.env", os.path.join(hermes_dir, ".env"))
print(f"Synced .env from .hermes -> {hermes_dir}/.env", flush=True)
if os.path.exists("/opt/data/.hermes/state.db"):
shutil.copy("/opt/data/.hermes/state.db", os.path.join(hermes_dir, "state.db"))
print(f"Synced state.db -> {hermes_dir}/state.db (restored previous chats!)", flush=True)
# 3. Note on Cloud Storage Fuse
# Cloud Storage FUSE is optimized for object storage, but is not fully POSIX compliant.
# This means GCS lacks the byte-range file locking required by active caches and default SQLite (WAL mode)
# which SQLite depends on to prevent data collisions.
# Without these locks, SQLite experiences database corruption and blocked I/O operations.
# To ensure stability, we route these active I/O processes to local container memory (/tmp).
# See section 5 Enable Autosave below on how /tmp is uploaded to Cloud Storage.
# Read more: https://cloud.google.com/storage/docs/cloud-storage-fuse/overview#differences-and-limitations
db_path = os.path.join(hermes_dir, "state.db")
try:
import sqlite3
conn = sqlite3.connect(db_path)
conn.execute("PRAGMA journal_mode=TRUNCATE;")
conn.close()
print("Configured SQLite database to TRUNCATE mode for direct single-file persistence", flush=True)
except Exception as e:
print(f"Warning: Failed to configure TRUNCATE mode: {e}", flush=True)
subprocess.run(["chmod", "-R", "777", "/tmp"], check=False)
# 4. Update system environment variables
# Hermes needs to know to look at the new local /tmp folders rather than defaulting to the mounted bucket.
env = dict(os.environ)
env["HOME"] = home_dir
env["HERMES_HOME"] = hermes_dir
env["PATH"] = "/opt/hermes/.venv/bin:/opt/hermes/bin:" + env.get("PATH", "")
env["PYTHONUNBUFFERED"] = "1"
env["HERMES_STATE_PATH"] = hermes_dir
env["HERMES_SKILLS_PATH"] = "/tmp/skills"
env["UV_CACHE_DIR"] = "/tmp/uv_cache"
env["XDG_CACHE_HOME"] = "/tmp/cache"
env["SQLITE_BUSY_TIMEOUT"] = "30000"
env["HERMES_ALLOW_ROOT_GATEWAY"] = "1"
env["HERMES_WORKSPACE"] = "/opt/data/workspace"
env["HERMES_WRITE_SAFE_ROOT"] = "/opt/data"
python_bin = "/opt/hermes/.venv/bin/python3"
# 5. Enable Autosave
# Spawn a background worker thread to watch your local database and config files every 5 seconds.
# As you chat with your agent, this worker thread automatically copies the updated database content
# back to Cloud Storage to persist it.
def sync_to_gcs_loop():
files_to_sync = ["state.db", "config.yaml", ".env"]
last_mtimes = {}
# Initialize last_mtimes
for f in files_to_sync:
path = os.path.join(hermes_dir, f)
if os.path.exists(path):
last_mtimes[f] = os.path.getmtime(path)
else:
last_mtimes[f] = 0
while True:
time.sleep(5)
for f in files_to_sync:
src_path = os.path.join(hermes_dir, f)
if os.path.exists(src_path):
try:
mtime = os.path.getmtime(src_path)
if mtime > last_mtimes.get(f, 0):
dst_path = os.path.join("/opt/data/.hermes", f)
shutil.copy2(src_path, dst_path)
last_mtimes[f] = mtime
print(f"Auto-saved {f} to GCS volume mount", flush=True)
except Exception as e:
print(f"Error auto-saving {f} to GCS: {e}", flush=True)
threading.Thread(target=sync_to_gcs_loop, daemon=True).start()
# 6. Launch the Hermes Gateway (the AI backend) and the Web Dashboard (the UI)
# These are launched as parallel processes, sending logs to Cloud Run via stdout & stderr
print("=== STARTING GATEWAY IN BACKGROUND ===", flush=True)
gw = subprocess.Popen(
[python_bin, "-m", "hermes_cli.main", "gateway", "run"],
env=env,
cwd="/opt/data/workspace",
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
text=True,
bufsize=1,
)
def stream_gw():
for line in iter(gw.stdout.readline, ""):
if line:
print(f"[GATEWAY] {line.rstrip()}", flush=True)
threading.Thread(target=stream_gw, daemon=True).start()
print("=== STARTING DASHBOARD ON 0.0.0.0:8080 ===", flush=True)
sys.stdout.flush()
dash = subprocess.Popen(
[
python_bin,
"-m",
"hermes_cli.main",
"dashboard",
"--host",
"0.0.0.0",
"--port",
"8080",
"--skip-build",
],
env=env,
cwd="/opt/data/workspace",
stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
stderr=subprocess.STDOUT,
text=True,
bufsize=1,
)
for line in iter(dash.stdout.readline, ""):
if line:
print(f"[DASHBOARD] {line.rstrip()}", flush=True)
rc = dash.wait()
print(f"DASHBOARD EXITED WITH RETURN CODE: {rc}", flush=True)
while True:
time.sleep(10)
4. 创建启动脚本 (start_hermes.sh)
在本地创建 start_hermes.sh。
#!/bin/sh
set -e
export PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1
exec python3 /opt/data/run_hermes.py
5. 将文件上传到 Cloud Storage
将配置文件复制到 GCS 存储桶的根目录:
gcloud storage cp config.yaml run_hermes.py start_hermes.sh gs://${BUCKET_NAME}/
6. 在 Cloud Run 实例上部署 Hermes
我们使用 gcloud beta run instances deploy 部署容器。此命令包含特定配置,用于解决 GCSFuse 和容器限制的已知问题。
确保您的环境变量(PROJECT_ID、REGION、BUCKET_NAME、SERVICE_ACCOUNT)已在活跃的终端会话中导出。
部署实例:
gcloud beta run instances deploy hermes-instance \
--image nousresearch/hermes-agent:latest \
--service-account ${SERVICE_ACCOUNT} \
--command "/bin/sh" \
--args "/opt/data/start_hermes.sh" \
--port 8080 \
--cpu 2 \
--memory 4Gi \
--ingress all \
--no-invoker-iam-check \
--add-volume name=hermes-storage,mount-path=/opt/data,type=cloud-storage,mount-options="uid=2000;gid=2000;file-mode=0777;dir-mode=0777;implicit-dirs",bucket=$BUCKET_NAME \
--set-secrets "HERMES_DASHBOARD_BASIC_AUTH_PASSWORD=hermes-dashboard-password:latest" \
--set-env-vars "PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1,VERTEX_PROJECT_ID=$PROJECT_ID,VERTEX_LOCATION=global,HERMES_DASHBOARD_BASIC_AUTH_USERNAME=admin,HERMES_ALLOW_ROOT_GATEWAY=1,HERMES_WORKSPACE=/opt/data/workspace,HERMES_WRITE_SAFE_ROOT=/opt/data" \
--region $REGION \
--project $PROJECT_ID
上述内容中包含的重要配置:
--service-account:附加专用hermes-sa服务账号。- 监督程序脚本:
start_hermes.sh调用自定义 Python 监督程序run_hermes.py,该监督程序可将 SQLite 锁定限制和缓存问题从 GCS FUSE 路由到本地 tmpfs。 --set-secrets:直接从 Secret Manager 将凭据注入到环境变量中。
7. 通过 Hermes 网页界面直接互动
部署完成后,您便可以使用生成的 .run.app 网址访问信息中心。当系统提示进行身份验证时,请输入 admin 作为用户名,并输入您的 ${DASHBOARD_PASSWORD} 作为密码。
与您的代理聊天
您可以尝试运行 echo "hello" 等命令来确认代理是否正常运行。
测试永久性存储空间
您可以通过向代理提出问题来测试 Google Cloud 存储桶中的持久性存储
Write "hello world" to a file named hello.txt in your workspace.
然后,在 shell 中,您可以运行以下命令来验证文件是否已写入
gcloud storage cat gs://$BUCKET_NAME/workspace/hello.txt
最后,为了验证您的对话和文件是否在新的 Cloud Run 实例中保持不变(Cloud Run 实例的持续运行时长最长为 7 天,默认情况下配置了自动重启政策),您可以完全按照之前的步骤重新运行 gcloud beta run instances deploy 命令。然后,您会看到自己的聊天会话。您还可以向智能体询问
Read the contents of the file hello.txt in your workspace.
您会看到“hello world”。
8. 清理
为避免因本 Codelab 中使用的资源导致您的 Google Cloud 账号产生费用,请执行以下操作:
- 删除 Cloud Run 实例:
gcloud beta run instances delete hermes-instance --region ${REGION} --quiet - 删除 Secret Manager Secret:
gcloud secrets delete hermes-dashboard-password --quiet - 删除 Cloud Storage 存储桶:
gcloud storage rm -r gs://${BUCKET_NAME} - 删除专用服务账号:
gcloud iam service-accounts delete ${SERVICE_ACCOUNT} --quiet
9. 总结
恭喜!您已成功在由 Cloud Storage 提供支持的 Cloud Run 实例上部署了安全且完全持久的 Hermes 代理!
要点回顾
- 如何将 Hermes 代理部署到 Cloud Run 实例。
- 如何使用 GCSFuse 将 Cloud Storage 存储桶装载到 Cloud Run 实例。
- 如何安全地配置 SQLite 和临时缓存,以绕过 GCSFuse 文件锁定限制。